| Gynaecological Condition |
Description |
Common Symptoms |
| PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) |
It’s a women’s health issue characterized by hormonal disturbance that often affects those in the reproductive age. It is characterized by the presence of cysts on the female reproductive system. |
Acne, weight gain, increased hair growth, and infertility |
| Endometriosis |
Endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus—commonly on ovaries, bowel, bladder, or behind the uterus. |
Pelvic/abdominal/lower back pain, heavy periods, painful intercourse, infertility. |
| Uterine Fibroids |
Benign tumors from uterine muscle tissue; may grow inside, within, or outside the uterine walls or on stalk-like projections. |
Heavy periods, abdominal/back pain, painful intercourse, abdominal enlargement, and urinary/bowel pressure symptoms. |
| Ovarian Cysts |
Fluid-filled sacs developing in ovaries. Common types: follicle cysts and corpus luteum cysts. PCOS causes multiple cysts and can affect fertility. |
Bloating, painful bowel movements, pelvic pain, pain during intercourse, lower back/thigh pain, breast tenderness, and nausea/vomiting. Severe pain/fever/dizziness may indicate rupture or torsion (emergency). |
| Adnexal Tumors |
Growths near the uterus that form in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, or surrounding connective tissues. Classified as ovarian/non-ovarian and benign/malignant. |
Pelvic pain, irregular periods (pre-menopause), bleeding at the site, urinary difficulty, frequent urination, constipation, and GI issues. |
| Bartholin’s Cyst |
Blockage of the Bartholin’s gland located between the vagina and vulva, leading to fluid-filled swelling. |
Small painless lump, vulvar discomfort if enlarged, and pain while sitting, walking, or during intercourse. |
| Cervical Dysplasia |
Abnormal changes in cervical cells due to HPV infection; may progress to cancer if untreated. Preventable through the HPV vaccine. |
Often asymptomatic; sometimes abnormal vaginal bleeding. |
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) |
Infection of the female reproductive organs, usually due to untreated STIs or bacterial infections spreading to the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries. |
Lower abdominal/pelvic pain, fever, abnormal discharge, painful intercourse, painful urination, and irregular bleeding. |
| Incompetent Cervix |
Early and painless cervical dilation during the first 3 months of pregnancy. Risk factors include DES exposure, connective tissue disorders, and previous cervical procedures. |
Pelvic pain; often no symptoms until dilation occurs. |
| Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) |
Infection in the urethra, bladder, or kidneys—common in women due to a shorter urethra. |
Burning urination, frequent urge to urinate, lower abdominal pain, cloudy urine, foul smell, and fever (if severe). |
| Pelvic Organ Prolapse |
Weakening of pelvic floor muscles causing pelvic organs to drop against or into the vagina. |
Feeling/seeing a vaginal bulge, pelvic pressure or fullness (worse on standing/coughing), urinary leakage, bowel issues, and difficulty inserting tampons. |
| Other Gynecological Problems |
Includes cervical & uterine cancers, menorrhagia (heavy bleeding), and menopausal symptom management. |
Depends on condition: abnormal bleeding, pelvic pain, menopausal symptoms (hot flashes, irregular cycles). |
IRIS
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